Heart Rate: 350 to 650 beats per minute (A) slow-to-rapid (V) can be too low or too high depending upon ventricular response to chaotic atrial arrhythmia.In one early study preprinted in medRxiv, some critical COVID-19 patients developed newly-onset A-fib, prompting the need to watch for these signs to preempt mortality: 4 Generally, signs of complications may present on ECG in the following ways: ArrhythmiaĪrrhythmias manifest variably on ECG dependent on the rhythm disorder, but it may be important to watch for signs of A-fib. This ECG exhibits right axis deviation, right bundle brand block, S1Q3T3 and T-wave inversion in leads V1-V4 -Īll finding consistent with right heart strain. 3 As these developments emerge, they may warrant an ECG. While ECG presentations vary, TCTMD has reported that cardiologists should be aware of any symptoms indicative of impending cardiac events, especially in tandem with other clinical indicators such as elevated troponin or lab work that could suggest acute inflammatory response, including high levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, CD4, and CD8. So far, little is known about cardiac complications in COVID-19 patients who don't have underlying heart conditions.Īs evidence mounts about the severity of COVID-19 in vulnerable populations, the ACC recommends diligence and caution, adding that practitioners should monitor patients for potential cardiac complications as a result of the virus and refer to echocardiography.īelow are some key indicators that may present in ECG analysis, as well as potential signs to watch for in hospitalized patients.
CVD patients also face a higher risk of getting infected with the novel coronavirus. The overall case fatality rate for COVID-19 patients has stayed relatively stable at 2.3%, while individuals with CVD face more than quadruple the risk at 10.5%. 2ĭisease-triggered cardiometabolic demand and associated complications can worsen prognoses for patients with underlying heart conditions, especially those with cardiovascular disease (CVD). 1Īccording to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) COVID-19 Clinical Guidance, other patients have presented with myocardial infarction, myocarditis, acute-onset heart failure, and cardiac arrest, which comport with two previous coronavirus outbreaks: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). A February 2020 case report in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) identified those complications in 16.7% and 7.2% of hospitalized patients, respectively. Cardiac Complications of COVID-19ĭata from Wuhan, China has indicated that arrhythmia and acute cardiac injury could be among the most prevalent heart complications in confirmed-positive cases. As an essential tool for monitoring heart activity, ECG may be a first line of defense in spotting signs of complications. Given insights that indicate comorbidities both increase infection risk and worsen prognoses, physicians should remain diligent about patients' risk and refer them for imaging follow-ups to detect abnormalities. Acute Cardiac Complications of COVID-19: What We Know Now contains more updated information regarding COVID-19's effect on the heart.Īs empirical and anecdotal evidence feeds in about COVID-19, cardiologists have directed attention toward potential cardiac complications that the viral disease has been known to cause, particularly among patients with underlying heart conditions. This content was based on the sources available at the time of writing. New information regarding COVID-19 continues to emerge daily.
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